Determine Whether Cold-Chain Equipment Needs Maintenance or Repair
Arranging Vaccines Inside Any Refrigerator
How to Read a VVM
Giving an Orally Administered Vaccine
What is the Vaccine Cold Chain?
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Cold Chain
Monitoring
SIAs
Surveillance
Communication
New Vaccine Introduction
Stock Management
Vaccine Delivery
COVID-19
Planning
Supportive Supervision
Vaccine Safety
IIP-Vaccine Cold Chain
Use and basic maintenance of cold chain and temperature monitoring equipment
Some vaccines are sensitive to freezing. Once they have frozen, they should not be used. Fortunately, there is a way to tell if a freeze sensitive vaccine has been damaged by exposure to temperatures below zero degrees Celsius: the shake test.